Boss laser operating temperature. We understand that there can be a learning curve like with any new piece of machinery but, with some effort and patience you will be running your new laser with confidence and speed in no time! The following conditions are ideal for Trotec laser devices: Room temperature between +15 °C and +25 °C (59°F – 77°F) Relative humidity between 45% and 65%. FC+ ElitePipeCUT. Keep good laser performance with the CW-6100 Active Cooling Water Chiller. Includes an adjustable galvo scanner head that can project between 20 to 100 watts of fiber laser power. Boss Laser does not monitor this page for sales or support questions. 65 μm, and a commercial infrared photovoltaic detector. This cutting-edge system add-on allows you to seamlessly mount the high-resolution BOSS Vue camera onto your machine, unlocking a whole new level of precision and insight. Learn more about us by reading our support page! At Boss Laser we help clients to the best of our ability, learn more today from Support! A positioning camera system designed for Boss Laser’s Co2 laser machine line up. The FC Accu-Cut enclosed fiber laser cutter is designed and engineered with a 3-Axis ball screw transmission for precision and accuracy. Work Area 36″ x 55″. Raster engraves up to 1,500 mm/sec or 59″ per/sec; faster job times mean increased productivity. The optional Hybrid-Servo drive is the fastest in class providing speeds up to 1,500mm/sec. I've herd That around 15 to 20 , maybe to 25 C is ok , one thing with co2 tubes is as the temprature goes up power can drop rather steeply . Premium ZNSE lenses made in the USA are also available, providing a 14% transmission rate improvement. Compressor pumps water through glass tubes at temperatures as low as 41 degrees Fahrenheit (5 C). The temperature can range from 150℃ to 5550℃ (302℉ to 10022℉) for different materials and lasers. However, the output power of the CO2 laser typically decreases when the operating temperature increases. Here, by embedding 2D MoS2 at the interface between a free-standing microdisk and microsphere, we have demonstrated, for the first time, room-temperature lasing from 2D TMDCs. s. Notice and understand all of the warning labels attached to your machine. For most fiber metal cutting applications, either oxygen or nitrogen is recommended as an assist gas. Due to the design choices mentioned above, with a CW laser it is easy to find an operating range that will produce flat optical output. Dec 12, 2010 · a, Maximum operating temperature (T max) versus frequency survey chart for terahertz QCLs (which operate without the assistance of a magnetic field), where the shaded area corresponds to a variety 500 CFM Blower: 20 A / 1800 W (at start-up), 5. BOSS HP-3655. Sep 1, 2012 · Posts. Choose up to 8KW of fiber power and laser cut stainless, carbon steel, brass, copper, titanium and other non-ferrous metals. custom (Joe Sheffield) November 17, 2019, 5:27pm 12. Storage temperatures are 0° - 45°C (32° - 113° F). Recommended for tubes of 70 to 155 watts. Please observe and record the current water level, and inspect it again after the chiller running for a period of time, if the water level drops obviously, please re-inspect the water pipeline leakage. Laser cut steel, aluminum, brass, copper, titanium and more. Please be sure to read the manual in its entirety prior to operating the machine, this will ensure a better understanding of the machine and how it works. Well the probe also only got up to 295. FC-6012 EXT Fiber Laser Cutting Machine. Water jet cutting provides a high quality edge as well. 5% larger engraving area than a standard 36″x 48″ platform. Here we report what we believe to be the first experimental observation of lasing from the direct gap transition of Ge-on-Si at room temperature using an edge-emitting waveguide device. Our unbeatable quality, outstanding customer service, commitment to education, and dedication to innovation set us apart. For the xTool D1 series the specifications are listed in the Safety Guide and state that the laser operating temperature range is 0° - 35° C (32° - 95° F). 600019 Emergency Stop Switch. rocking. 640 Boss Laser Way. As far as operating costs, fiber needs only about 1/3 the operating power compared to CO2. Monitoring Temperature to Ensure Optimal Performance of Synrad CO2 Lasers 3 Maintaining a constant laser tube temperature during operation can also improve long term power stability. Jul 5, 2001 · Thermistor-time stability is a function of operating temperatures, temperature cycling, moisture contamination, and packaging. FiltraBox COMPACT X Operations Manual. Choose up to 15KW of fiber power and laser cut stainless, carbon steel, brass, copper, titanium and other non-ferrous metals. Cut up to 2 inch carbon steel. 20W, 30W, 50W, OR 100W FIBER MARKER. 122. Better Measurement, Better. 09-09-2012,00:51 #4. Apr 17, 2023 · The maximum operating temperature T max can be inferred from Fig. BOSS HP-5598. Cold temperatures can affect the machine’s performance, so it’s important to maintain a suitable environment. The Solution: The ZoloBOSS System. . 5KW) for more demanding production environments. Recently we have demonstrated room-temperature photoluminescence, electroluminescence Oct 22, 2021 · The laser cutter has the ability to accurately cut or etch numerous materials such as wood, paper, cork, and some kinds of plastics. Laser etching can produce great results on almost any organic material. Oct 30, 2023 · Key Takeaways. BOSS FC ECO-CUT. Boss Laser shall not be held responsible for damages or injury resulting from improper use or dismantling of the laser machine. So I plugged in the probe and set it on the top grate, and let the Actual recover. is Synrad’s Firestar ti100 Laser, that can be run with a maximum PWM signal of 99-100% duty cycle at frequencies up to 160kHz (see Fig. Glass CO2 laser tubes usually have two value ratings for maximum power: rated power or maximum recommended power and. 4-Way pass-throughs for more excellent material handling capability. Enhance precision and efficiency in your cutting and engraving projects. LS-3655 shown) Connect exhaust tubing from machine to intake. [17], the characteristic temperatures trend upward as operating temperature decreases. SKU:100065. Jul 29, 2021 · The Boss CO2 laser is perfect for engraving intricately-designed custom-made polymer stamps. Statistically, a reduction of 10 °C in the operating temperature doubles the lifetime. Additionally, the reduction in the number of sheets used leads to less cutting time and lower operational costs, further enhancing savings. 155 Watts. 407-878-0880 or techsupport@bosslaser. This can be particularly daunting with heavy or bulky equipment. From: $ 22,497. LS Series: If you don’t require metal cutting or a work area larger than 36″ x 55″, the Boss Laser LS Series industrial grade CO2 laser cutters/engravers offer power from 50-155 watts Oct 13, 2023 · Here are the top 5 reasons Boss Laser machines represent a smooth transition from delivery to operation. Nov 17, 2019 · News - Development updates and bug fixes. Charles Campbell performs first laser medical treatment by removing a retina tumor from a patient. The LS-3655 comes with an 80W X-Series™ laser tube; upgrades include 105W or 155W of laser power (155W includes chiller). Boss Laser offers CO2 lenses with 2″, 2. 5″, and 4″ focal lengths. Now, it’s easy to fall into a trap and think “I’ll just always run it at peak power. The following safety measures must be strictly enforced and abided by. Uses laser light absorption to measure Temp, O2, CO & H2O Paths measure average concentration Real-time measurement directly Multiple paths generate two-dimensional Output used to balance and optimize. 00. Entry Level CO2 Lasers; Digital Temperature Readout (F) Gauge. Upgrade to 70 watts to cut up to 3/8” wood and acrylic. Boss Laser Indoor Thermometer & Humidity gauge – Glowforge’s operating temperature range is 60-75F for the Basic & Plus, and 60-81F for the Pro. 2(b), at which the gain decreases to the total cavity loss of ∼20 cm −1. This is particularly true for high power laser diodes in which several watts of waste heat must be removed from a small semiconductor laser chip. Oct 22, 2021 · Even though Boss is a laser company and sells CNC laser machines, our experience extends beyond lasers to include CNC router machines, allowing us to offer valuable recommendations and tips that cater to the needs of CNC operators across various industries. WATTS. The BOSS FC Flex-Cut fiber laser cutter includes fiber and CO2 power options 1-2kW Fiber Laser Source and 155W CO2 Laser Source for more demanding production environments. pdf. ACRYLIC – Engraving. Operates using a solid-state 1064nm fiber laser that is built to serve with very little maintenance and zero consumables. Laser diode operating characteristics and life time are greatly affected by the temperature of the semiconductor junction. Figure 1. Boss’ industrial-grade LS-3655 offers a 14. 70W. Therefore, by using nesting software, the company saves $3,150 in material costs alone ($9,450 – $6,300). Monolithic lasers on Si are ideal for high-volume and large-scale electronic-photonic integration. Laser cutter temperature: The temperature generated by a laser cutter depends on the material being cut, the power of the laser, and the air pressure. In conclusion, we have demonstrated an optically pumped edge-emitting multimode Ge-on-Si laser op-erating at room temperature with a gain spectrum of 1590–1610 nm. HP Series LightBurn Installation Guide. It should never be exposed to 40F and below. CW-5000/5200 series use an intelligent thermostat. Drifts in laser temperature due to cooling systems or ambient conditions can cause luctuations in laser output power. The CO2 glass laser tube can be safely operated for cutting and engraving at the higher temperatures of 30-35 degrees C. Date: 12/22/2022 Page 7 of 71 Jun 9, 2015 · Article ID: ART157186 | Date published: 06/09/2015: Description. 8 A / 667 W (at idle) Three hose clamps (in toolbox) 6" Exhaust tubing installed w/ hose clamp. CO2 LASER CUTTER / ENGRAVER SETTINGS FOR COMMON MATERIALS. BOSS HP-2440. If you live in a region that tends to be hotter, we recommend setting your water chiller to the lower end of the range for water temperature. Think before you post! This is Facebook, one of the biggest sites on the internet – what goes up can never really come down. The laser machine should be in an ambient temperature of 39 - 104 Fahrenheit (5 - 40 Celsius) with humidity ranges of 5%-95% with no dew. 16 Further details on the optimization scheme can be found in the supplementary material. Laser engraving based on computer controlled machine tools allows the user to achieve effective control of a wide variety of processing tasks. Typically, laser threshold will increase exponentially with temperature as I. Ensure precise temperature control for consistent results. up to 16ga Stainless Steel. Styrene. RDWork v8/LaserWorks v8 is a cutting edge Shorter Focal Lengths: Smaller spot size for more detailed engraving. Download . Longer Focal Lengths: Deeper depth of field for cutting thicker materials. Sep 15, 2023 · The default water temperature of the water chiller for the Boss Laser LS machine needs to be between 68°- 77° Fahrenheit (20°- 25° Celsius). . CO2 lasers are water cooled so keep above freezing, water temp range 50 to 75F is good but you have to keep water temp above dew point to prevent condensation on the tube and machine itself . Cuts and Engraves. May 25, 2007 · The stock 351C thermostat is a 192 degree thermostat, the thermo won't pass water to the radiator until that temp. The reason why we choose this is because the machine's DATUM point is located at the top right of the machine. Apr 30, 2024 · At Boss Laser, we recognize the transformative power of laser technology in education and are committed to supporting educators and institutions in their efforts to empower students through innovative learning experiences. Includes Fiber power source, and a full 2-Year warranty. Operation at +85°C was difficult with conventional RGB laser modules because the output power of laser diodes (LDs), especially red LDs, dropped at high temperatures. May 13, 2017 · Extreme cool is not good as well as extreme heat. While each of these metal cutting technologies has its place in various industries, Fiber Apr 30, 2024 · Learn about our built-safety features below: 1. No other laser technology offers the power, speed and flexibility of a Boss CO2. exp(T/T o), where T is the laser temperature in degrees Kelvin and T o is the “characteristic temperature” of the laser (typically 60 to 150 K). 3). Hassle-Free Unpacking. If you need help please reach out to Boss Laser directly via phone or email. Avoid any direct exposure and never stare at the laser light while operating. The result is consistent high power and extended life for higher wattage laser tubes. For a fully enclosed design see the FC-EXTPipeCut. The study concluded that this company would save $312,502 per year in manufacturing costs with the purchase of a 3000W Fiber Laser cutting machine. The FM Desktop is new and improved, designed and engineered by BOSS for mobility, the FM-D offers a 20, 30 or 50-watt galvo fiber laser to quickly and permanently mark or etch firearms, tools, metal parts, jewelry, bar codes, serial numbers, even industrial polymers. As can be seen in Figure 1, the threshold of the laser is strongly affected by the laser’s temperature. We offer two series of CO2 laser machines, the LS Series and the HP Series. Even if the laser is driven by a suitable integrated driver, the assembly of the setup requires great care. The safe operating temperture is 0-40 degrees C, 32 - 104 degrees F. Normally users do not need to adjust it. Designed & engineered in the USA by Boss, the LS-1630 offers a popular 16×30″ engraving area with an optional Boss X-Series™ 70, 80, or 105W CO2 laser tube. Operating the projector outside of this range can result in reduced performance, damage to the internal components, and a shorter lifespan for the projector. Now select Rear Right for the origin of your laser. In LightBurn, click Help > Check for Updates and follow the prompts, or just download from the link Isaac posted. Dec 1, 2023 · The total cost for materials with nesting software is then $6,300 (42 sheets × $150 per sheet). Two-Toned Acrylic – two-layer colored acrylic, top layer is a different color than the base color. HP Series LaserCAD Rotary Set-Up Guide. Includes U. Laser beam heat: The laser beam itself does not have heat, but it carries Mar 1, 2010 · Abstract. Also, fiber offers lower down time, less ongoing maintenance translates to increased productivity. Anatomy and heat flow of a passively cooled laser mount. Because this type of laser mount is simply a large thermal heat sink, it is unavoidable that the mount temperature, and that of the laser, will increase. The system should ideally run with the water between 15C and 25C. The main materials shops will process will include wood, cardboard, aluminum, stainless steel, plastic, tile, marble, anodized aluminum Mar 15, 2024 · Here are some winter maintenance tips to consider: Maintain Adequate Room Temperature: Ensure that the room where the machine is kept is above 10°C or 50°F, preferably around 21°C pr 70°F. BOSS FC-6012 ELITE. This safe operating temperature for the laser machine is constantly updated and is displayed on the LED Display Panel located on the top of the Boss Laser Cutter. (Damage to the laser tube from freezing is not covered Dec 4, 2023 · Edge Quality: Fiber Lasers offer supreme edge quality due to their speed and narrow cutting kerf. High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)- Melts Badly. Quickly and permanently mark or etch most metals or industrial Most notably, compared to CO2, fiber has a straight line speed that’s 2-3x faster when cutting thin sheet metal at 5mm or less. 32 This was corroborated by the temperature performance of G652 with T max ≈ 250 K. macona. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. And if you're new to doing laser work, that is critical! We've had excellent support from Boss, and now have 5 Boss decks in our business. HP Series LaserCAD Operations Manual. Visitors can consult with Boss Laser’s team of experts to explore custom project possibilities. FC-Series. Choose up to 6KW of fiber power and laser cut stainless, carbon steel, brass, copper, titanium and other non-ferrous metal plates and pipes! Not sure how to use your Boss Laser machine? We offer detailed virtual demos to demonstrate to our clients how our products work efficiently! BOSS' In-House Laser Tech's And Engineers • Warehoused Replacement Parts & Accessories For Quick Replacement • Warranty - 2 Year Parts Includes Fiber Laser. In summary, Boss Laser is your premier choice for laser cutting and engraving solutions. If you have sub freezing temperatures outside, then you need to take precautions to prevent damage to the laser tube. LASER SETTINGS. The Boss CO2 laser engraving system can etch words and/or images from CorelDraw and Illustrate files. Add to cart View more $ 25. 1966: Charles Kao discovers that light can be transmitted via glass fibers, setting the groundwork for fiber lasers. BOSS FC-6012 EXT. Feb 23, 2024 · BOSS’ FC+ EXT AutoCUT fiber laser cutter improves upon the Elite with a fully enclosed work area plus a Gantry structure. BOSS FC-ACCU-CUT. The equipment is great, well produced, and more importantly, well supported. Have questions about specific parts or accessories for your laser cutting machine don’t hesitate to email or call us today at (407) 878. Chapter 1 Overview. Panel. FM Series User Manual. Dec 26, 2023 · The best chiller for your Boss Laser will depend on the specific requirements of your laser equipment, such as power, cooling capacity, and compatibility. So, whether you’re a seasoned CNC user or considering expanding your shop’s capabilities with a laser machine, check out these helpful 4 days ago · If the system features internal cooling liquids, you must operate the laser in low temperature rooms or the laser will stop operating. Exhaust Port located at the bottom (ex. The emission exhibited a gain spectrum of 1590– 1610 nm 1590 – 1610 nm, line narrowing and polarization evolution from a mixed TE/TM to predominantly TE Upgrade your laser power with Boss Laser's FM Desktop. ; The HP-2440 H ybrid- P rocessing laser cutter delivers unmatched material flexibility by adding the ability to cut up to 16ga stainless steel (18ga mild/carbon) to the wide variety of materials “standard” CO2 lasers can process. Toll-Free: (888) 652-1555. Data from active Synrad CO2 laser temperature The Active Water Chiller is our refrigerated industrial chiller designed to keep precision cooling. Sep 15, 2017 · The QCL operating at room temperature is directly modulated using on-off keying and, for the first tim … Gigabit free-space transmissions are experimentally demonstrated with a quantum cascaded laser (QCL) emitting at mid-wavelength infrared of 4. 1. Jun 5, 2023 · Does Boss Laser offer Project Consultation? The Boss Laser Experience Center goes beyond being a mere showroom; it also functions as a creative hub. HP-3655 Co2 Laser Cutter and Engraver. Maintain optimal laser performance with Boss Laser's CW-6100 Active Cooling Water Chiller. Apr 20, 2023 · In summary, the optimal operating temperature range for a laser projector can vary depending on the specific model and manufacturer, but generally falls between 41°F (5°C) and 95°F (35°C). BOSS LS-1416; BOSS LS-1630; BOSS LS-2440; HP-Series. Operators Manual for HP Series A Class IV CO2 Laser Machine 640 Boss Laser Way Sanford, FL32771 Toll-Free: (888)652-1555 Local: (407)878-0880 Play video. Cut up to 40mm carbon steel. Adjust parameters of temperature controller. Apr 11, 2024 · BOSS’ FC EXT PipeCUT fiber laser cutter improves upon the Elite with a fully enclosed work area plus an exchange table. For those of us who experience the seasonal effects of Winter, condensation, fogging or even failure or cracking can occur to the Be sure to sign up to our newsletter since from time to time we offer discounts to our accessories including focal lenses, roller and chuck rotarys, chillers, software, laser tubes, and many more. In this case die bond quality and package thermal impedance are critical to achieving good device performance. S. Laser machines vary in power, and Operators Manual for HP Series. Phone 888-652-1555 • Fax 407-878-0880. Choose up to 2KW of fiber power and laser cut stainless, carbon steel, brass, copper, titanium and other non-ferrous metal sheets or pipes. Hence, laser diodes operated at cryogenic temperatures would be more thermally A low operating temperature generally lengthens the life expectancy. Unlock the full potential of your laser machines by downloading BOSS Laser's cutting-edge laser software, where multiple downloadable files are available. ) veg-tan leather in a single pass. The default water temperature of the water chiller for the Boss Laser LS machine needs to be between 68°- 77° Fahrenheit (20°- 25° Celsius). LightBurn laser engraving and cutting software for personal and professional laser cutters. peak power or a maximum power a tube can provide and is usually 10-20% higher than rated power. Ge is an interesting candidate owing to its pseudodirect gap properties and compatibility with Si complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology. th. Setting the Water Chiller Temperature To ensure optimal performance of your Boss Laser HP machine, it is important to keep your water temperature between 68°- 77° Fahrenheit (20°- 25° Celsius). If you want a cleaner cut its best to use a minimum of 65 watts laser power. FM SERIES USERS MANUAL Document No: 855-903 Revision: 005 Rev. Passive cooling A passive heat sink conducts heat away from the laser and dissipates it into the ambient air (Figure 1). Plasma cutters generally produce rougher edges due to creating more significant heat-affected zones. The most powerful continuously operating laser of its time. LS-Series. The BOSS FC+ EliteProCUT fiber laser cutter improves upon the 6012 ELITE with a more robust frame, premium components, and increased power options (up to 1. BOSS’ FC-6012 EXT fiber laser cutter improves upon the Elite with a fully enclosed work area plus an exchange table. Running at these temperatures will not damage the equipment. BOSS’ FC Elite PipeCUT fiber laser cutter is a dual purpose fiber laser cutter for effectively cutting both sheet metal and metal pipe. 0880. Boss Laser systems are designed with an array of built-in safety features that prioritize the well-being of students and educators. The laser modules' relatively mild operating conditions are benign, promoting good long-term stability. Play video. Fastest in Class – Hybrid Servo Drive™ motors provide up to 1,500 mm/sec and can cut or engrave up at 3X the speed of the competition’s stepper motors. Laser Machines. Mar 15, 2024 · Learn safety with best practices in laser engraving equipment handling! Explore expert laser cutting tips to ensure a safe work environment. Call us if you would like to schedule a demo at our Sanford, FL location BOSS LASER is an ISO-9001 Registered Company. Heat I think will effect the computer stuff more then an RF laser. Upgrade to the Mach4™ Servo motor drive system for the fastest in-class engraving speeds up to 2,300mm. Sanford, FL 32771. Be certain of accurate temperature control for stable results. www. Boss Laser. TO SCHEDULE A FREE VIRTUAL The Boss LS-1420 is the perfect alternative to Glowforge when speed, power, and production capabilities define actual value. Learn more. Made IPG fiber power source, onsite installation and training, and a two (2) year warranty. At 70 watts a Boss LS-1416 hobby laser can cut through 1/8″ (8oz. vibration, high voltage, or strong magnets. Whether you’re a part of an industrial giant, a small business, or a maker with a passion for creation, Boss Laser has the perfect Oct 22, 2021 · 1961: Dr. Whether you have a unique design idea or a specific requirement, the professionals at the center The air we breathe is composed of approximately 21% oxygen, a highly reactive element, and 78% nitrogen, which is inert. HP-5598. com. Using compressed air (21% Oxygen,78% Nitrogen) as an assist gas when fiber cutting aluminum or stainless steel, can deliver I'd rate 12 out of 10, if possible. 1 Laser engraving cutting system introduction. Kapton Tape (Polyimide) Mylar (Polyester) Nylon – Melts Badly. The Boss laser engraving system works best with odor-free polymer, and you can also purchase a Boss fume extractor to remove fumes, odor and debris. However, the thermal capacity was lowered by mounting LDs on a chip, thus enabled control of module temperature at a wide range of -40°C to +85°C with a Peltier cooler. So I cranked it all the way up to 500, and again the Actual temp got to where it is supposed to be and held there The FM-S (Station) offers offers an all-in-one station. BOSS HP-2440; BOSS HP-3655 I noticed that while the "Actual" temp got to 390 then backed off to 375, the lid thermometer only read 290. BOSSLASER. These features are specifically engineered to mitigate risks and ensure safe operation in a learning environment. Epilog’s systems feature air-cooling methods, making it safe to operate your system in any environment 90 °F (32 °C) or cooler. Sep 29, 2023 · Their report accounted for things such as operator wages, compressed gas cost, electricity and all other variables associated with operating the laser. You should also protect the device from direct sunlight. When choosing a chiller for a laser machine, consider the following factors: Cooling Capacity: Ensure that the chiller has sufficient cooling capacity to handle the heat generated by your Boss Laser machine. According to Asryan et al. A Class IV CO2 Laser Machine. During The glass tubes in the Nova series laser are water cooled and are sensitive to sub-freezing temperatures. (407) 878 - 0880. 1964: Kumar Patel invents the CO2 laser. Then connect exhaust tubing to the exhaust port to your preference. Now includes a 4’x4′ pull-out platform for easier loading and unloading of material, it also includes an industry leading Precitec laser head that is bluetooth enabled (for select models). NOTE: Different leather types or hides react differently to the laser so testing and dialing in your speeds and power levels is critical to achieving your desired result. The operating voltage of this machine should be AC 110V 60Hz. POWER%. Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol (PETG) Polyethylene – Melts Badly. Polypropylene – Melts somewhat. Built-In Safety Features. One of the initial challenges users face when they buy new machinery is the unpacking process. Our range of laser cutting and engraving machines is designed to provide educators with the tools they need to integrate Aug 12, 2015 · Critical to this development is the realization of a semiconductor laser using the emerging 2D TMDCs. If you have a 180 thermostat, thats a different issue. The following conditions are ideal for Trotec laser devices: Room temperature between +59 to +77°F) Relative humidity between 40% and 70%. FiltraBox EXPAND X-2 Operations Manual. Local: (407) 878-0880. SPEED (mm/s) INTERVAL /SCAN GAP (mm) THINCKNESS. FiltraBox MICRO Operations Manual. IIRC, the outlet to the radiator is the top hose, so you're potentially measuring coolant which just made it past the 192 thermostat. A. bh dc pk fx wx hu sp dd mx ru