Clicking in throat when swallowing This has been happening on and off for months, coupled with trouble swallowing. Or, I should say my GP thinks the symptoms point to GERD and Sep 26, 2017 · When swallowing, a clicking in the throat may uncommonly occur, causing great discomfort and pain. I’m trying to see an ENT about this, and I have seen an ER doctor and my primary care dr. I'm a 28 year old pregnant bank teller. Often, there is some clicking of the larynx or voice box as it rises in your throat with a swallow. Oct 2, 2020 · I was doing some neck massages a few days ago and then afterwards whenever I swallow, I feel a clicking/popping sensation and sound when my larynx moves up upon swallow. 11 votes, 28 comments. Just so annoying that it's almost unbearable. Your symptoms may: be most noticeable you’re swallowing your saliva; get worse with stress and worry; vary from day to day Oct 2, 2020 · I have had the clicking going on now since March. I am involved with an ENT, and am going for a barium swallow study soon. This is so wierd, sometimes i feel like I am losing my mind. Jun 21, 2018 · Sore throat off and on and hurts to swallow upon early hours. and so far, it’s a big mystery because they can’t see anything wrong on the outside. May 8, 2025 · While it’s always best to consult with a medical professional for a proper diagnosis, let’s delve into the possible causes of these throat sounds and what they might signify. Jan 8, 2022 · Hi. You might look at Swallowing Trouble 101 for an overview of the swallowing mechanism. And at least three times a week I'll get a charlie horse in my calf out of no where. Aug 16, 2021 · Dysphagia. please suggest something? A doctor has provided 1 answer A member asked: Clicking hyoid is an extremely rare anomaly of hyoid bone which produces painful clicking in throat. Oct 2, 2020 · A user shares their experience of clicking in throat after neck massage and asks for advice. After a series of examinations, it was diagnosed as clicking hyoid and was managed successfully by surgical treatment. I'm seriously thinking about going to the ER. 3 different ENT docs , prescribing acid reflux / post nasal drip meds nothing worked. During that swallowing a popping in my throat appeared. Clicking, popping, or grinding sounds in the jaw can be distracting or uncomfortable when swallowing. Excessive salivation can make swallowing more difficult and lead to choking or aspiration. Dry food went down my throat and scratched my throat? Chest pain, diffcult breathing, sweaty hands, and shaky FEELS LIKE SOMETHING IS STUCK IN MY THROAT Sore Throat, hurts ears when I swallow, hoarseness, Question. No breathing issues that I have Dec 4, 2020 · Sore Throat; Swallowing Disorders; Thyroid & Parathyroid; Does your ear ever produce a clicking or popping noise that affects both your hearing and balance? While I’d like to keep up with your situation ( I think you’re totally fine) but our symptoms are extremely similar , I was complaining of my swallowing feeling empty or unfulfilled at first , then when I would drink I would get a numb sensation, like cool menthol numbing sensation , now this clicking sh*t, I asked the neurologist last Monday in his office and he just gives me a speech on Oct 2, 2020 · I was doing some neck massages a few days ago and then afterwards whenever I swallow, I feel a clicking/popping sensation and sound when my larynx moves up upon swallow. Back pain from a kidney infection is usually a bit different from back pain caused by other injuries such as a muscle strain or a back sprain. But now. I don't necessarily feel it while I am swallowing food or liquids, but instead when I am swallowing my spit. I was prescribed ppi for three months which helped slightly with eating again. Excessive salivation. Basically a piece of the cartilage on the airway gets sliiiightly displaced, causing a clicking upon Aug 1, 2020 · When swallowing, a clicking in the throat may uncommonly occur, causing great discomfort and pain. Oh, the clicking is specifically when I swallow, while Nov 20, 2006 · By the time I went back, my swollen glands seemed to be close to back to normal, but the clicking feeling when swallowing was still there. I was just recently diagnosed with GERD. Also where is ur clicking by ur Adam’s apple underneath on the left on the right like I said does it kinda indent and click when you swallow when I say indent instead of the throat moving up and down it gets pushed in and grinds off other structures do you get ache pains in it on the sides not so much like a sore throat but aches and pains We present a series of 11 cases in which all patients had an audible clicking or popping noise in the throat associated with neck and throat pain when swallowing or turning the neck. Chest pain; difficulty swallowing; regurgitation; a sensation that something is stuck in your throat: Throat pain or tightness; difficulty swallowing; regurgitation; a sensation that something is stuck in your throat: What part of your body does it affect? Cricopharyngeal spasm: Upper esophageal sphincter (UES) Esophageal spasm Sep 25, 2006 · And when you swallow do you feel this clicking in the center of throat - mine is on one side mainly, and it does matter how my head is positioned, too. I have to be more careful and not do dumb stuff like drink the last bit of a soda from a can by tilting my head backward. When swallowing, a clicking in the throat may uncommonly occur, causing great discomfort and pain. g. no pain. Dec 24, 2018 · The reason for hearing a popping, clicking, or crackling noise when you swallow is to do with the Eustachian tube that is in your middle ear. It’s one of my many “this is me now” injuries. Any activity that promotes swallowing can help open the Eustachian tube, for example, chewing gum, drinking, or eating. when i look down and swallow it feels like theres tension on the left side of my throat what could this be? it feels like a click noise?: : The issue is whether the ear is the primary problem causing radiatio Sep 26, 2017 · A clicking larynx can be described as a clicking sensation in the neck on swallowing or when moving the head, often associated with a tender or painful area in the neck. These symptoms can be alarming, and they may lead to anxiety or stress, which can exacerbate the condition. chew, or swallow Nov 17, 2024 · Difficulty swallowing: Feeling like food or liquids are "stuck" in the throat or experiencing hesitation when swallowing. Sometimes only a couple clicks or continuously depending on my blood pressure. I think I've experienced what you're talking about, or at least something really similar-- I have Ehlers Danlos Syndrome and I swear parts of my throat can get "out of place" and feel really off, and then make audible clicking noises when move, breathe etc until they get back into alignment. Jul 24, 2024 · It can be caused by various factors, including GERD, LPR, anxiety or stress, swallowing air, or throat muscle tension. I have swollen veins in my throat. Hey I have been suffering with a clicking throat for 11 months now I’ve done a lot of tests and my symptoms are it feels poked out more on the right side almost like if it’s out of alignment and you can kinda feel an bump of cartilage when I swallow under ur Adam’s apple is your cricoid cartilage mine feels like it is being almost pulled in my throat from the muscles and then making it Dec 1, 2021 · The case of a 49-year-old female is presented, who reported an audible bilateral clicking in the throat, associated with neck and throat pain when swallowing or turning her neck. This unpleasant event may lead health professionals to attribute the symptoms to psychogenic Jan 8, 2022 · Hi. Oct 2, 2020 · With my throat being really dry I remember swallowing constantly. No masses or anything concerning. After about 2 months on PPI it was gone and it hasn’t come back. Doctors from PubMed Health say that the Eustachian tube helps to keep the pressure between your nose and ear at a steady level. The popping is at the top of my swallow. This unpleasant event may lead health professionals to attribute the symptoms to psychogenic aetiology. I don't have problems swallowing food or water but it feels like the cartilage in my throat aren't working properly. Congestion, runny nose. CLS is noticed when a clicking sound is heard either upon movement of the neck, swallowing, or palpation or in even rare instances, as our patient presented: it occurs spontaneously . I was doing some neck massages a few days ago and then afterwards whenever I swallow, I feel a clicking/popping sensation and sound when my larynx moves up upon swallow. However I still struggle, and suffer from throat clicking. No pain whatsoever. This sensation often originates from the laryngeal area and can be accompanied by neck pain, discomfort, and psychological distress. It could occur because of elongation and thickening of the hyoid bone, resulting in its coming in contact with the cervical vertebrae during swallowing, or because of abutting of the thyroid cartilage against the hyoid bone, or even because of ossification of the space between the thyroid Jan 15, 2025 · an area of discomfort in your throat; a feeling of something stuck or a lump in your throat; If you feel something sticking in your throat, but can eat and drink normally and without pain, you do not need to worry. There are many potential explanations for having a fungal infection of the mouth and body and I recommend you speak with your doctor. the superior cornu abrading against the thyroid lamina, [6] [7] surgically trimming the offending thyroid-cartilage provides It was clicking larynx syndrome. These include chlamydia, gonorrhea, and trichomonas. It is generally difficult to swallow foods and liq pain when swallowing or difficulty swallowing; a lump or swelling in your neck; a long-lasting cough or breathlessness; a persistent sore throat or earache; a high-pitched wheezing noise when you breathe; in severe cases, difficulty breathing; Some people may also experience bad breath, unintentional weight loss, or fatigue (extreme tiredness). Oct 1, 2001 · When swallowing, a clicking in the throat may uncommonly occur, causing great discomfort and pain. At least that’s when I remember myself noticing the popping. Hey I have been suffering with a clicking throat for 11 months now I’ve done a lot of tests and my symptoms are it feels poked out more on the right side almost like if it’s out of alignment and you can kinda feel an bump of cartilage when I swallow under ur Adam’s apple is your cricoid cartilage mine feels like it is being almost pulled in my throat from the muscles and then making it Jul 10, 2023 · These may change throat sensation and create a feeling of something there. She had consulted other physicians, but the cause could not be identified. The clicking happens when I swallow, even my spit. its been 6 hrs now, what can all this mean? Answer. Jul 1, 2021 · When swallowing, a clicking in the throat may uncommonly occur, causing great discomfort and pain. because I'm Introduction: Clicking larynx syndrome is a rare condition that may be intriguing to the attending clinician. A sore throat refers to pain, itchiness, or irritation in the throat. not… A few days back I started experiencing a click when swallowing, specifically on the left side of my throat. Never had this popping sensation before, it doesn't hurt, but it is annoying and alarming to never of felt this before. What are the symptoms of an air bubble in your throat? The sensation of an air bubble in your throat can be accompanied by other symptoms, such as difficulty swallowing, hoarseness, heartburn, chest pain, and regurgitation. I don’t think the clicking sound is caused by a serious condition, it could just be the click sound produced when the Eustachian tube opens forcibly when you swallow saliva by force. com May 13, 2025 · Clicking Larynx Syndrome (CLS) is a relatively rare condition characterized by a clicking, popping, or grating sensation in the neck, typically felt during swallowing, head movement, or palpation of the larynx. I get so many cravings. but it comes back within a few minutes. Coughing can suggest irritation from allergens, while difficulty swallowing may point to conditions like GERD. It is driving me crazy. What are the common symptoms associated with involuntary clicking in the throat when lying down? Common symptoms include a sore throat, which may indicate infection or allergies. This is normal for the most part unless the OP describes pain , coughing blood , or difficulty breathing that’s when it becomes a very serious issue. You could have a serious infection. Yawning is even more effective because it is a stronger muscle activator. Problems in each step can have different symptoms: tiredness and weight loss, hiccups when swallowing, food jams in the esophagus, which can cause chest discomfort, return of food when coughing, gurgling sounds in the throat, eat often. I feel food is being stuck with my first swallow or as if the food is backing up. It is often thought that there is a correlation with local tenderness, pain in the neck, or circumlaryngeal manipulation. Its going on 3 weeks now. We were drilling bread cutter chokes. Of course I have throat cancer now !!! When I swallow , not every time , I get a clicking sound near my Adam's apple . It had come and gone over the years but no it's been back for months. May 2, 2016 · In order to tell the difference between a lump in throat as a result of anxiety from a lump due to another cause, pay attention to whether there is intense pain or a clicking sound when swallowing Just turned 40. However, because this symptom is rare Apr 19, 2023 · Jaw locking or being stuck in a particular position can make swallowing difficult or impossible. You might feel like you’re choking, even though you’re not. Symptoms With cricopharyngeal spasm, you will still be able to eat and drink. See a doctor if: Your throat clicks when you swallow. Blockages or improper function of the eustachian tubes disrupt the middle ear pressure, resulting in crackling or popping sensations. At my Adam’s apple/below my chin. Can acid reflux cause this? I can make sound (cracking/popping) inside my right ear and also comes when swallowing. I was told it’s a totally harmless condition and they don’t know why it happens to some people. Sep 13, 2022 · It causes a bad sore throat for a while, and a possible complication of this surgery is dysphagia or the inability to swallow properly. I'm a 19 year old senior in high school. Jun 10, 2014 · Every time I swallow I feel a uncomfortable feeling/pain and it feels like my hyoid bone is clicking or griding on something. Cricopharyngeal spasms occur when your cricopharyngeal muscle (in your throat) tightens more than it should. You may perceive it on one or both sides, Nothing to worry about. As tight muscles are often tender to the tough, they can also increase how sensitive the throat feels at rest and when swallowing. Drainage. smoker. Diagnosis and therapy are challenging. Dr. Some people can hear it while others can’t. This unpleasant event may lead health professionals to attribute the symptoms to psychogenic I have the same clicking throat sensation with globus. We present a series of 11 cases in which all patients had an audible clicking or popping noise in the throat associated with neck and throat pain when swallowing or turning the neck. my period has been late in the past couple months movin my normal 28 day cycle to 31 days, i havnt been on birth control for 5 months now, i have never bleed or spotted after intercourse,, and today i did, and i still am. I have clicking in my Adams apple when I swallow. While it is valuable and important that you are concerned about your daughter's gait and her knock knees, it is important to know how old she is before you rush off to visit an orthopedic surgeon. This just started a couple of days ago. Aug 31, 2007 · Go get it checked out! See your doctor immediately. Patients typically present with clicking sensations in the neck, often obvious during head movement or swallowing. Your symptoms may: be most noticeable you’re swallowing your saliva; get worse with stress and worry; vary from day to day Apr 11, 2014 · Throat pain? It could be related to TMJ. Hello doctor, for about the past 5 months i keep feeling a clicking sensation in my throat when i swallow food, drink and saliva. I do have trouble swallowing, and have shortness of breath. What can cause popping sensation behind adams apple after swallowing? also noticed white/pink spots on back of throat. Feb 7, 2025 · 7 easy ways to get rid of a sore throat. No trouble swallowing foods but clicks when swallowing saliva and liquids. this sound also comes when swallowing mucus formed in throat. Sorry to hear about your symptoms. Stress and/or anxiety can cause muscle tension within the throat leading to a feeling of sticking or irritation. Jul 31, 2017 · Does anyone know anything about this? I have a clicking in my throat, for about a year now. It seems to come and go at random but is more present with deliberate swallowing (eating, drinking, etc). Firstly I am wondering if If you’re experiencing clicking noises in your throat along with other symptoms such as difficulty swallowing, hoarseness, or unexplained weight loss, it’s important to seek medical attention as soon as possible. I am a busy 32 year old stay at home Mom. Dysphagia refers to difficulty swallowing; Generally, consuming food occurs in four phases: preparatory, voluntary oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal. Other users and a volunteer mentor offer reassurance, suggestions and questions. A subreddit for those who can control their Tensor Tympani muscle. 2 To do this the Eustachian tube momentarily opens and closes and you hear a Feeling of something in throat when I swallow swollen throat, hard to breathe, ANXIETY ATTACKS constant dry throat and gag feeling. Swallowing laryngeal Computed Tomography scanning is the gold standard diagnosis. Don't wait Question. Although not fully explained, it’s usually attributed to an abnormally shortened distance connecting the hyoid bone with the thyroid cartilage (3). Smoker. doesn't happen when I am eating. my left ear and left side of throat feels congested. Managing TMJ-Related Swallowing Pain Fortunately, several nonsurgical treatment options are available to help manage swallowing pain caused by TMJ disorders. Jan 26, 2024 · While you can still swallow drinks and food, the spasms can make your throat feel uncomfortable. It's like grinding and popping. vaidyas : Dr. Cricopharyngeal spasm doesn’t cause swallowing difficulty except with saliva. Eating is “therapy” that makes it feel better. There have been reports of cases in which a clicking sound is produced in the neck region upon swallowing. From the ENT examination and palpation of the neck during patient swallowing, we located the source of the clicking on the left. Ira Shapira on 847 533 8313 to find out more about TMJ throat pain. I have noticed when I tilt my head back, nose to the roof the clicking stops, but it makes the tightness even worse and I feel like I can't breath at all. I'm assuming that it is the hyoid bone. Started to have speech therapy which Dec 13, 2023 · This malfunctioning passage, connecting the middle ear to the back of the nose and throat, triggers symptoms like ear crackling, sharp pain in the ear when swallowing, dulled hearing, and dizziness. Mostly basic stuff like sore, irritated, tight throat, full ears, PND, Bone Disorders: Clicking in Throat When Swallowing - GERD symptom? Apr 20, 2015 · In other cases, the click can be caused by excess thyroid cartilage that a doctor can remove surgically. Clicking or popping sound. An ear, nose and throat doctor explains the causes of clicking sounds when you swallow and what can be done about this. Remedies can include coping techniques at home and medical treatments for the Feb 7, 2024 · Hello. I got a swallow study & full scope down my throat to take a look around. Call Dr. Jan 18, 2012 · Its been about 2 weeks now, when I swallow (without food or drink) there is a click in my throat that is very frustrating. Treatments include medications and physical therapy. Due to the scarce presentation of such cases, clicking larynx syndrome harbors a high propensity to be an overlooked diagnosis, resulting in a clinical stalemate. I'm getting popping and clicking in my ears now and even when I talk. Shortly after the last one in March I have had the clicking when i swallow. This unpleasant event may lead health professionals to attribute the symptoms to psychogenic The next few days I woke up, swallowed and felt a clicking right at the connection of chin and neck. Sometimes I hear a clicking sound in my throat every time my heart beats. surya Bhagwati. I sometimes feel like I am going to have an aneurysm in my throat. Where do they come from? Question. Clicking sound in throat when drinking water. Jun 18, 2023 · Unraveling the Clicking Throat Mystery: Causes & Solutions • Uncover the mystery behind the clicking sound in your throat when swallowing! In this video, we Jul 14, 2023 · A cricopharyngeal spasm occurs when the cricopharyngeus muscle in the throat is overly or excessively contracted. I've never confirmed this with a Dr. The ENT did a barium swallow and which showed nothing. It is a normal condition and you are probably highly aware of the sound, that’s all. Something got knocked loose in my throat and it clicks from time to time when I swallow. Jul 1, 2023 · The first ‘clicking larynx’ was described by Counter in 1978 (2) with no more than 20 cases reported in the literature (3). I’ve been suffering from gastritis which is why I have been burping, have been put on meds for this but the popping is not Globus sensation like I think the drs think. . We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Answer. It feels like the front left side hitting with localised pain in that spot from the constant clicking. These spasms are harmless. I have been dealing with GERD and acid reflux. This unpleasant event may lead health professionals to attribute the symptoms to psychogenic Clicking in Throat When Swallowing - GERD symptom? Sep 25, 2006. It doesn’t feel like anything is in my throat or have pain swallowing. It only occurs while looking straight ahead. Remedies can include coping techniques at home and medical treatments for the Oct 2, 2020 · Now I have a sickening popping/clicking inside my throat whenever I swallow and the entire left side of my throat has this constant feeling of pressure on it. ) I went to the gp who just said it was anxiety related and there was nothing to be done about it. What about you? Literally swallow right now and you’ll hear a small clicking sound. Sep 26, 2017 · A clicking larynx can be described as a clicking sensation in the neck on swallowing or when moving the head, often associated with a tender or painful area in the neck. any ideas? im a vocalist Jan 15, 2025 · an area of discomfort in your throat; a feeling of something stuck or a lump in your throat; If you feel something sticking in your throat, but can eat and drink normally and without pain, you do not need to worry. Hey I have been suffering with a clicking throat for 11 months now I’ve done a lot of tests and my symptoms are it feels poked out more on the right side almost like if it’s out of alignment and you can kinda feel an bump of cartilage when I swallow under ur Adam’s apple is your cricoid cartilage mine feels like it is being almost pulled in my throat from the muscles and then making it We present a series of 11 cases in which all patients had an audible clicking or popping noise in the throat associated with neck and throat pain when swallowing or turning the neck. Just like the straw the inside of my throat will touch with my heart and cause a clicking/drop of water sound as it separates and touches. Every swallow, feels like bone hitting bone at my Adams apple. Before it all started I had issues swallowing so a Gastroenterologist did a scope and stretched my esophagus three times in a six month span. Cost me $150. In addition to the sensation of a lump in the throat, some people with globus pharyngeus may experience other symptoms, such as difficulty swallowing or a clicking noise when swallowing or sleeping. I don't feel like I'm choking. The case of a 49-year-old female is presented, who reported an audible bilateral clicking in the … Jun 10, 2021 · A 42-year-old woman (height, 160 cm; weight, 50 kg) presented with a 3-month history of a clicking sensation and painful swallowing, mainly on the right side, with a sudden onset. also, accompanying this, when i swallow saliva i can feel it trickling down to my chest. There is no pain at the moment but the popping sensation in my throat gives me anxiety whenever I swallow. But they can cause uncomfortable symptoms. Aug 2, 2023 · The simple act of swallowing activates the muscles in the back of the throat that help open the Eustachian tube. Hello everyone, I have had clicking and could physically feel where my hyoid bone was coming and contact/grinding CT scans and x rays all normal. Dec 1, 2021 · The case of a 49-year-old female is presented, who reported an audible bilateral clicking in the throat, associated with neck and throat pain when swallowing or turning her neck. Several sexually transmitted infections can cause an increase in vaginal discharge. It is only in certain positions, like if I am leaning back. The most helpful diagnostic procedure was careful examination and palpation of the neck while the patient swallowed to localize the side and source of the clicking. Here, we report a case of a young patient presented with pain and clicking in throat which aggravated on swallowing. 1. It's literally every single swallow and feels like someone flicking you in the throat while swallowing or ligaments popping off of eachother. HX 4 yrs of tinnitus. This was 7 years ago. Here are the things I experience: Throat clicking, which is worse in the morning Dry and warm throat when waking up Cobblestone throat Feels like a pleghm is frequently stuck in my throat so I have to clear throat once in a while I used to have the feeling there was something blocking me from swallowing that would come and go, sometimes with a clicking sound when I swallowed which was really scary. Sep 25, 2006 · My symptoms are mainly all in the throat area. I'm on meds for reflux and anxiety to ease the muscle tension but they've done nothing. I can also verbally make the sound when touching my neck to my chest like a popping sound. May 31, 2014 · Clicking throat when swallowing 16 replies ButlerThompson · 31/05/2014 21:49 Hello, I had a sore throat after an 8 week cough. A less common cause, distinguished by a "lump in the throat" accompanied with clicking sensation and no pain when swallowing, may be due to thyroid-cartilage rubbing against anomalous asymmetrical laryngeal anatomy e. No pain at all. Could be a lot of things, but the clicking sound is most likely cartilage rubbing against each other, while the lump and difficulty swallowing could be indicative of a thyroid issue in need of treatment. In this article, we present a case report and overview of the current literature. I went to the doctor and he confirmed that it does click from time to time. The doctor felt around my throat and said it's probably normal and just my trachea moving up and down from swallowing. It feels like a cartilage or tendon pop. Nov 11, 2024 · You may hear crackling or popping in your ear if you have a middle ear infection, an issue with your eustachian tube, or another condition affecting the jaw or ear. I was having the lump in throat feeling but this seems to have gone for just now (fingers crossed. Oct 2, 2020 · Every swallow I felt a pop/click sensation to the left hyoid area. The primary reason for a tapping or clicking sound in your throat often involves the movement of cartilage and bone structures during (the clicking when I swallow, and some of the tightness in my throat eases a bit. serious? Jul 14, 2023 · A cricopharyngeal spasm occurs when the cricopharyngeus muscle in the throat is overly or excessively contracted. This morning I woke up with this weird popping sensation in my neck when swallowing, completely out of the blue and it’s concerning me because I recently had a friend diagnosed with thyroid cancer, so my paranoia is a bit higher than usual. I have noticed that one eye or the other or both appears to have blood in it, not just bloodshot, a majority of at least 5 months. Oct 2, 2020 · I too have the same exact issue as everyone else, clicking in the throat when swallowing / feels like the throat is inflamed and something is moving around. If I touch my throat above my adams apple I can feel it clicking. Dec 29, 2019 · I get a clicking/popping in my throat, to the left and top part of my larynx. See full list on belmarrahealth. However, during palpation from side to Jul 1, 2020 · Normal functions: When you swallow, you often hear a click in your ears because the eustachian tube opens and allows air from your upper throat into the middle ear to equalize pressure. Introduction. Aug 13, 2023 · At the moment of swallowing or when someone moves their head, a clicking in the throat is the sensation referred to as a clicking larynx. Contents What Is a Cricopharyngeal Spasm? audible clicking or popping noise in the throat associated with neck and throat pain when swal-lowing or turning the neck. I’ve been scoped in the throat and ears multiple times with my ent and no answers. mswc fazdq dtbx kzpkpxsl ylkd xfyg qzirnla sdxovk krahmhx jefc